Chapter 10

Address Labeling and Clusters

Addresses are hex strings; labels attach human meaning — Binance hot wallet, Uniswap router, Vitalik. Labeling and clustering turn raw graphs into entity-level intelligence.

One entity controls many addresses. Funding a new wallet from an old one links them. Cluster algorithms group addresses likely controlled together — essential for tracing hackers and measuring exchange reserves.

Labels come from self-reported exchange deposit addresses, on-chain contract names, heuristics like timing and gas funding trails, and off-chain data where platforms have it. New chains lack label coverage — corroborate with multiple signals before acting.